From: Subject: Priestly Attire Date: Mon, 16 Jul 2007 08:24:07 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C7C782.ADCF2C20" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.3138 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C7C782.ADCF2C20 Content-Type: text/html; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.orthodoxinfo.com/praxis/clergy_dress.aspx =EF=BB=BF Priestly Attire
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Priestly Attire

In issue no. 6 of The Russian Pastor, an article = by=20 Archpriest Boris Kizenko, "Do not associate yourself with = this age,"=20 was printed. There he touched upon the question of whether = or not=20 priests should wear their cassocks or riasa. I would like to = share a=20 few thoughts on this matter.

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Very often in the sphere of Church laws and traditions = we, for=20 one reason or another, allow ourselves to compromise these = laws. In=20 our society today, the reasons and circumstances for such=20 compromises can seem very justifiable. However, the danger = lies in=20 the fact that any compromise can become habitual, and the=20 compromised behavior then becomes the norm, giving rise to = further=20 compromises and a general degradation of standards. Fr. = Boris very=20 aptly describes this progression in his article. At a time = when we=20 are perhaps at risk of completely losing the ideal in the = realm of=20 priestly attire, it is fitting to review the Church rules = and=20 directives concerning the attire of a priest, as well as = look at=20 some examples from contemporary life which shed light on = this=20 question.

1) The 27th Canon of the 6th Ecumenical Council states: = "None who=20 is counted with the clergy should dress inappropriately, = when in the=20 city, nor when travelling. Each should use the attire which = was=20 appointed for clergy members. If someone breaks this rule, = may he be=20 deprived of serving for one week."

Here everything is clear. If you do not wish to wear a = priest's=20 clothing, do not dare to stand before the altar of God.

2) The great interpreter of Church Canons, Balsamon, in = his=20 interpretation of the 14th canon of the 7th Ecumenical = Council,=20 which speaks of the ordination of readers, notes: "He who = has put on=20 black attire with the purpose of entering the clergy, cannot = remove=20 it, for he has stated his intent of serving God and = therefore cannot=20 break his promise to God and ridicule this holy image, as = other=20 ridiculers do."

If constant wearing of "black attire" is expected of the = first=20 rank of the priesthood, the reader, then all the more does = it refer=20 to those who are fully in the rank of the priesthood.

3) In the questioning period of the candidate before the=20 ordination, the candidate to the priesthood, in the presence = of his=20 spiritual father makes the following promise: "I promise to = wear the=20 clothing appropriate to my priestly rank, not to cut my hair = nor my=20 beard... for through such unseemly behavior I risk = belittling my=20 rank and tempting believers" (Promise #5).

It is important to note here that, in confirmation of his = promise=20 the candidate kisses the Gospel and the Cross and signs his=20 name.

4) The 16th rule for the priests of the Russian Orthodox = Church=20 Abroad says: "A priest, who is fully supported by his = parish, and is=20 given the opportunity not to work at a secular job, should = have the=20 appearance of an Orthodox priest, that is, should have long = hair, a=20 beard, a riasa, wear a cross of a proper style, and not one = he has=20 thought of himself and in his external appearance fully = exemplify a=20 true pastor."

We must remember that if the Church canons and laws were = not=20 important, the Church would not have written them.

Physician heal thyself. I must admit, that I am a young = priest,=20 and at times find it very difficult to follow the above = rules. There=20 are times when one's nerves are raw, and I want to go = somewhere with=20 my Matushka and children and not stand out, i.e., be "one of = the=20 crowd." I am overweight, and in the summer it is hard to = bear the=20 heat in my cassock. Yet all this merely exposes my weakness, = my lack=20 of desire to constantly be a confessor of my faith; my lack = of=20 desire to suffer for Christ even to the most microscopic = degree. In=20 my battle with this weakness, I have found inspiration in a = few true=20 life accounts, which I would like to share.

The Matushka of one priest, who serves in one large = American=20 city, where pagan and Satanic cults are rampant, told me of = this=20 incident:

Batiushka always wore either his cassock or riasa with = his cross.=20 After his arrival in the city, he grew accustomed to the = fact that,=20 when walking along a street, or in stores, some people = reacted to=20 him with hatred. Some even hissed at him openly as they = walked by,=20 others would actually spit at him. All this Batiushka = interpreted as=20 attacks of servants of Satan, upon a priest of Christ. Once = it=20 happened that he and Matushka were walking along the = sidewalk in the=20 main business district of the city. Suddenly, a woman who = looked=20 like a witch jumped out in front of him. She started to = scream at=20 him with a frightening voice of a sickly cat, and gestured=20 threateningly with her arms, as if she wanted to scratch out = his=20 eyes. Then she immediately disappeared into the crowd. The = priest=20 and his wife made the sign of the cross and continued on = their way,=20 having grown accustomed to such occurrences. But then = Matushka=20 realized something. This time, for some reason, Batiushka = was in=20 secular attire. Nothing in his external appearance showed = that he=20 was an Orthodox priest. Even his long hair and beard were = nothing=20 exceptional in contemporary circumstances.

It is clear that a priest in a spiritual plane is always = a=20 priest, even when he is not dressed properly. The evil = powers feel=20 this and most probably are pleased with our = "compromises."

A certain priest decided to have a photograph of himself = made. He=20 put on his coat and hat. For some reason he was embarrassed = to be=20 photographed with a cross on. He took the cross off and put = it into=20 his left coat pocket. The photograph was taken, developed = and=20 printed. To the amazement of both the photographer and the = priest,=20 on the photograph there was a huge ray (by shadows one can = see that=20 this ray is not from the sun), which pointed to the pocket, = where=20 the hidden cross lay. Batiushka asked to have this published = after=20 his death.

In a small parish of the Russian Church Abroad, because = of the=20 size of the congregation, the rector holds a secular job. He = works=20 as a nurse in a local hospital. I was certain that he = removes his=20 cassock when he goes to work. However to my surprise, I = discovered=20 that this Batiushka works in his cassock, putting a lab coat = on top=20 of it. This is regarded with respect by both medical = personnel and=20 the patients. Often many patients even request that the=20 "priest-nurse" take care of them.

Concerned about the question, "should and can a priest = possible=20 always wear a cassock?", I began asking the grown children = of=20 elderly or deceased pastors, whether or not their fathers = always=20 wore a cassock. Almost everyone has answered in the = affirmative,=20 recalling that they rarely saw their father-priest without a = cassock. There are even cases where the children said that = they=20 never saw their father without a cassock. This means that = the=20 requirement of the Church is possible to fulfill with God's = help.=20 One only needs to try.

A priest of a parish of the Russian Orthodox Church = Abroad.

From Orthodox Life, Vol. 41, No. 1, = (Jan-Feb=20 1991), pp. 26-29. Translated by Matushka Maria Naumenko from = Russkiy=20 Pastyr (The Russian Pastor) #7.

+ + +

Proper Clerical Dress

You make a religion of robes, beards, and long = hair. I=20 know that the church canons say that we should have beards = and I=20 know your arguments about long hair. I am unimpressed. I am = a=20 follower of Christ, not man-written and man-enforced = rules....Robes=20 look weird and cause people to laugh on [sic] us. They do = not win=20 over people to Orthodoxy....I dress like a Roman Catholic = and you=20 dress like Mohammedan Turks. Who is more in the [sic] = tradition? Did=20 you ever hear of anyone being defrocked for what he wears? = No. For=20 serving like a lot of you Old Calendarists after he was = kicked out?=20 You bet. Case closed....Keep sending your journal, since I = find=20 certain useful purposes for the paper. (Fr. [initials = deleted],=20 Canada)

Your question, which we received several years ago, = despite its=20 somewhat saucy tone, provides us with an opportunity to = clear up=20 certain misunderstandings about a subject of spiritual = importance to=20 contemporary Orthodox Christians. As you point out, the = traditional=20 appearance of an Orthodox Priest=E2=80=94the attire and = grooming which he=20 should maintain at all times, both in public and = private=E2=80=94is a matter=20 of canonical regulation. The Sacred Canons of the Church = reflect the=20 proper functioning and life of the Body of Christ; they are = not=20 simply laws and rules, but guides to the life in Christ and = patterns=20 by which to accommodate the action of the Holy Spirit to our = daily=20 activities. They are inspired and binding on all who live in = spiritual sobriety and uprightness. And though they are = enforced by=20 men=E2=80=94one of the clear duties of the clergy, and = especially the=20 Bishops, is, in fact, to uphold canonical order=E2=80=94, = they are=20 nonetheless Divinely inspired. The Sacred Canons are also an = integral part of Holy Tradition, which, together with = Scripture,=20 forms the ground of administrative authority on which our = Faith is=20 built.  

The inner and outer cassocks traditionally worn by = Orthodox=20 clergy are, to the pious, objects of tremendous respect and=20 veneration. Anyone who considers them "weird" is = unenlightened. Nor=20 does anything appointed by the Church, enveloped as it is in = Grace,=20 impede our witness as Orthodox Christians. Ignorance or = simple=20 bigotry account for instances in which clergymen are = ridiculed for=20 dressing in a traditional manner, and the treatment for = ignorance=20 and bigotry is not the abandonment of our customs, but, once = again,=20 the enlightenment of those who ridicule us. Moreover, our=20 traditional Orthodox clerical dress witnesses openly to the = Grace of=20 the Priesthood. Many times our own clergy, who maintain such = dress,=20 encounter young children who, yet untainted by the vanity of = the=20 world, will turn to their parents and remark, "Look, = it=E2=80=99s Jesus."=20 Such incidents speak for themselves and attest to the = importance and=20 nature of Orthodox Priestly attire. The idea that the = traditional=20 dress of an Orthodox Priest has it roots in Turkish = vesture=E2=80=94whether=20 secular or religious=E2=80=94is a contrived piece of = historical fantasy that=20 has often been used to justify contemporary innovations in = clerical=20 garb. Under the Turkish yoke, certain changes in cut and = style can=20 be observed in monastic and Priestly dress, but these are=20 insignificant. Our clerical styles predate the Moslem yoke, = and=20 indeed it was from the Desert Fathers, who inhabited many of = the=20 areas where Islam first flourished, that the Islamic clergy = took=20 many of their customs=E2=80=94from the robes that they wear = to the minarets=20 (which are modeled on the structures in which the ancient = Stylites=20 lived and prayed, that is, "pillars" with a small cubicle on = top).=20

The round white collar, bib, and business suit which you = call=20 "Roman Catholic" clerical dress is neither Roman Catholic in = origin=20 nor much more than normal street garb with a special collar. = Papist=20 priests, like Orthodox clergy, dressed in cassocks and = special=20 headgear well into this century. Only in the last few = decades have=20 they adopted what is actually Protestant clerical clothing = or simply=20 street clothes. As for the issue of deposition, let us note, = first,=20 that Orthodox clergy have, indeed, been suspended and even = deposed=20 for abandoning traditional clerical dress. St. Evalalios, a=20 predecessor of St. Basil the Great in the See of Cappadocia, = deposed=20 his own son for abandoning traditional Priestly garments for = "unsuitable" attire. Second, while clergy in Greece, at = least, have=20 been routinely deposed by the New Calendar State Church for=20 returning to the Patristic (or Old) Calendar, deposition for = "Old=20 Calendarism," were it valid=E2=80=94as the Blessed Elder = Philotheos=20 (Zervakos) once commented=E2=80=94, would logically force = the State Church=20 of Greece to depose many of the Fathers of the Church, = including=20 those who specifically condemned the calendar innovation, in = the=20 sixteenth century, in three separate Church Councils.

We would also remind you that St. John Chrysostomos, = deposed=20 falsely and for what was his actual fidelity to the = Faith,=20 not only refused to recognize his illicit deposition, but = continued=20 to serve, in defiance of what was manifestly a spiritually = wrong and=20 invalid pronouncement. As such, he set a standard which many = Old=20 Calendarists today, falsely maligned and punished for acting = in good=20 conscience out of reverence for Holy Tradition, have rightly = taken=20 as their own. Like him, we trust that many of these = mistreated=20 traditionalist champions for Orthodoxy will win a Heavenly = Crown for=20 their courage. At the same time, we pray that those who have = wronged=20 them and divided the Church by innovation will escape that = fearful=20 "reward" which St. John  Chrysostomos himself assigns = to=20 ecclesiastical politicians and false shepherds who misuse = the=20 Church=E2=80=99s powers; that is, Hell.

From Orthodox Tradition, Vol. XIV, = No.=20 2&3, pp. 16-18.

 
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